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清乾隆 和田玉「吉祥平安」象耳菊瓣双环炉
Qianlong Period Hetian Jade 'Auspicious Peace' Elephant-Ear Chrysanthemum Petal Double-Ring Incense Burner
核心参数
Key Specifications
款识：乾隆年制（篆书款）
Inscription: "Qianlong Nianzhi" (seal script)
尺寸：高 13.3cm × 长 16.5cm，炉口直径 11.5cm
Dimensions: H 13.3 cm × L 16.5 cm, Mouth Diameter 11.5 cm
重量：484 克
Weight: 484 g
材质：上等和田玉，局部微沁，色泽温润如脂
Material: Premium Hetian jade with subtle inclusions, warm and oily luster
器物详述
Description
此炉为乾隆朝宫廷造办处精制礼器，造型取法上古青铜彝器，兼具庄重与雅致。炉身呈圆形，丰肩弧腹，下承三兽蹄足，线条流畅饱满，尽显皇家气度。
象首活环耳：
炉身两侧圆雕大象首为耳，象鼻弯曲自然，长牙外凸，双目微瞌显慈穆之态，鼻端衔可活动圆环（直径 3cm）。象为 “太平有象” 之象征，活环工艺需在整块玉料上镂空雕刻，环体与象鼻连接处仅 0.2cm 厚度，展现 “工细而不碎” 的极致技艺。
Elephant Head Handles with Movable Rings:
Carved in round relief, the elephant heads feature curved trunks holding movable rings (3 cm diameter). 象征 "auspicious peace," the rings require hollowing from a single jade block, with only 0.2 cm thickness at the connection—an extreme demonstration of "delicate yet durable" craftsmanship.
菊瓣纹装饰：
炉身外壁与盖面满雕双层菊瓣纹，每瓣长 2.5cm，宽 1.2cm，瓣尖微卷如自然绽放，共计 108 瓣（象征佛教百八烦恼）。菊瓣间阴刻缠枝纹相连，寓意 “长寿连绵”“君子德行”。
Chrysanthemum Petal Motifs:
The body and lid are covered with double-layer chrysanthemum petals (108 in total, symbolizing 108 Buddhist afflictions), each 2.5 cm long and 1.2 cm wide with curled tips. Interlacing vines between petals signify "longevity and virtue."
铭文与款识：
炉身阴刻唐代苏洵《嘉祐集》选句：“修身以为弓，矫思以为矢，立义以为的，奠而后发，发必中矣”，字体取法秦小篆，笔画粗细均一，间距精确至毫米。底足内凹处刻 “乾隆年制” 四字双行篆书款，布局中正，刀工深峻。
Inscriptions:
Incised with a quote from Su Xun’s Jiayou Collection: "Cultivate the self as a bow, correct thoughts as an arrow, establish righteousness as the target; aim carefully before shooting, and you will surely hit the mark." The seal script is modeled on Qin Dynasty small seal style, with uniform strokes and millimeter-precise spacing. The base bears the "Qianlong Nianzhi" seal, centrally aligned with deep, sharp engraving.
文化与工艺价值
Cultural and Craftsmanship Value
皇家礼制象征
象耳、菊瓣、活环均为乾隆朝宫廷玉器的标志性元素：象乃 “四灵” 之一，对应《周礼》“诸侯相见以象尊” 之制；菊瓣纹则源自雍正帝 “以菊明志” 的文人趣味，至乾隆朝演变为皇家美学符号。
Imperial Ritual Symbolism:
Elephant ears, chrysanthemum petals, and movable rings are iconic of Qianlong court jade: elephants (one of the "Four Spiritual Beasts") align with Zhou Li rituals; chrysanthemums originated from Yongzheng’s literati taste and became a royal aesthetic symbol under Qianlong.
工艺巅峰之作
掏膛工艺：炉腹中空壁厚仅 0.3cm，透光可见均匀薄度，为造办处 “水上漂” 技法（玉料浸于水中琢磨）的典范；
活环存活率：同类器物中活环完整者不足三成，此炉双环至今转动灵活，堪称 “宫廷玉器机械美学” 的代表作。
Technical Prowess:
Hollowing Technique: The belly wall is only 0.3 cm thick, uniformly thin and translucent, exemplifying the "floating on water" method (polishing jade submerged in water);
Movable Ring Preservation: Less than 30% of similar artifacts retain intact rings; both rings here rotate smoothly, a masterpiece of "court jade mechanical aesthetics."
文人与皇权的融合
苏洵诗文与乾隆款识的结合，体现帝王对儒家修齐治平思想的推崇。器型仿古而不泥古，既存青铜礼器之庄重，又增玉器的温润灵秀，实为 “乾隆工”“古为今用” 理念的典型。
Literati and Imperial Fusion:
The combination of Su Xun’s poetry and Qianlong’s inscription reflects imperial endorsement of Confucian ideals. The archaistic form, blending bronze ritual gravity with jade’s soft elegance, embodies the "Qianlong workmanship" philosophy of "making the ancient new."
市场与金融价值
Market and Financial Value
稀缺性：故宫博物院藏同类象耳玉炉仅 2 件，民间流通完整器屈指可数，此炉为已知带活环与完整菊瓣纹的孤品之一。
Rarity: Only 2 similar elephant-ear jade burners exist in the Palace Museum; few intact examples circulate privately. This is one of the only known pieces with both movable rings and complete chrysanthemum petals.
成交参考：2021 年香港佳士得秋拍，一件无活环的乾隆象耳玉炉成交价为 HKD 82,500,000，此炉估值可达人民币 1.2 亿–1.8 亿元。
Auction Reference: A Qianlong elephant-ear jade burner (without movable rings) sold for HKD 82.5 million at Christie’s Hong Kong 2021. This piece is valued at CNY 120–180 million.
金融化潜力：可作为顶级艺术资产纳入家族信托，或通过区块链技术发行数字藏品（如 3D 建模 NFT），实现物理资产与数字权益的双重流通。
Financialization: Suitable for family trusts as a top-tier art asset, or as a 3D-modeled NFT via blockchain, enabling dual circulation of physical and digital rights.
保存状况
Condition
玉质莹润，微沁处呈浅黄色，为自然氧化所致，未作化学处理；
Lustrous jade with subtle yellow inclusions from natural oxidation, untreated;
活环无裂痕，转动阻力均匀，连接处无磨损；
Movable rings intact with smooth rotation, no wear at joints;
原配掐丝珐琅盖（后配），与炉体扣合严密，纹饰风格与乾隆朝兼容。
Later-period cloisonné enamel lid (compatible with Qianlong aesthetics), tightly fitted.
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