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名称:粉彩百鸟朝凤图赏瓶
Name: Famille Rose Vase with 'Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Phoenix' Motif
年代:清乾隆(「大清乾隆年制」红彩篆书款)
Era: Qianlong Period, Qing Dynasty (red seal script mark: 大清乾隆年制)
工艺:粉彩、黄地、红彩、描金、绿釉内底
Techniques: Famille rose, yellow ground, red enamel, gold gilding, green-glazed interior base
装饰题材:百鸟朝凤、牡丹、梅花、喜鹊、山石、松树
Motifs: Phoenix surrounded by birds, peonies, plum blossoms, magpies, rocks, pine trees
底部工艺:满釉松石绿地,红彩篆书款
Base: Full turquoise-green glaze with red seal script mark
用途:宫廷陈设 / 高端收藏 / 艺术投资
Purpose: Imperial decoration, elite collection, art investment
二、纹饰与寓意解析
Symbolism and Motif Analysis
核心主题:以「百鸟朝凤」为中心构图,凤凰居中昂首,尾羽舒展如华扇,象征帝王权威与天下归附,为清代宫廷祝寿、庆典的核心题材。
Core Theme: The central motif of "hundreds of birds admiring the phoenix" symbolizes imperial authority and universal submission, 常用于乾隆朝重大仪式器物。
辅助纹样体系:
牡丹:象征富贵,呼应宫廷对世俗繁荣的掌控;
Peonies: Emblems of wealth and honor;
梅花:代表高洁品格,暗合文人「岁寒三友」精神;
Plum blossoms: Symbols of resilience and scholarly virtue;
喜鹊与孔雀:分别寓意「喜上眉梢」「吉祥华贵」,强化祥瑞氛围。
Magpies and peacocks: Signify happiness and auspicious nobility.
政治隐喻:百鸟按等级排列(如仙鹤、孔雀对应官员品级),暗合清代礼制秩序,隐喻「万邦来朝」的政治理想。
Political Metaphor: Birds arranged by rank (e.g., cranes for high officials, peacocks for nobles) reflect Qing court hierarchy, symbolizing "all nations paying homage."
三、艺术与工艺特点
Artistic and Technical Features
色彩体系的皇家范式
明黄釉为地(帝王专用色),粉彩绘百鸟羽毛,红彩勾边、描金点睛,形成「黄为尊、粉为柔、金为贵」的色彩逻辑,符合《大清会典》对宫廷用色的规制。
Yellow ground (imperial color), pink for bird plumage, red outlines, and gold accents follow the "yellow as supreme, pink as gentle, gold as noble" palette of Qing court regulations.
技法融合与创新
粉彩的层次感:运用「玻璃白」打底技法,使色彩呈现粉润柔和的过渡效果(如凤冠的红蓝渐变色),体现乾隆朝对西方珐琅彩技术的本土化改良。
Famille rose layering: The "glass white" base creates soft color gradients (e.g., red-to-blue phoenix crown), showing adaptation of Western enamel techniques.
描金工艺:在缠枝莲纹、凤羽等处施金彩,金层厚度约 0.01mm,历经 200 余年仍光亮如新,展现造办处「金箔贴饰」的高超技艺。
Gold gilding: Applied to scrolling lotus and phoenix feathers with a 0.01mm-thick gold layer, preserving luster for over 200 years.
构图的礼制规范
凤鸟居画面中心,占据瓶身 2/5 高度,百鸟呈扇形环绕,间距严格遵循「前疏后密、上尊下卑」原则,与宫廷画师绘制《万国来朝图》的构图逻辑一致。
The phoenix (2/5 of the vase height) is centrally placed, with birds arranged in a fan shape following the "sparse in front, dense behind; noble above, humble below" rule, mirroring imperial court paintings.
GreatLoveDAO通过智能合约发行对应 RWA NFT,每款文物均分拆为 10,000 枚 NFT可让收藏者铸造。
GreatLoveDAO issues corresponding RWA (Real-World Asset) NFTs through smart contracts, with each cultural relic split into 10,000 NFTs for collectors to mint.